This isn't to say that "Precious" should be read only as a piece of political commentary--it's a work of art first and foremost. But it's hard not to see the parallels. Congress continues down the path of separating women into two groups--women of means who have reproductive rights and women without economic, social or geographic privileges who lack them. Meanwhile women are flocking to theaters to see Precious Jones dream of being someone who, in her mind, matters: a white married woman who lives in Westchester. Her innermost thoughts echo the divide that Stupak-Pitts would put on the books.
Social critics and film critics alike are divided on whether "Precious," the story of an obese, illiterate, victimized young African-American woman's self-actualization through literacy, constitutes "poverty porn [3]," an unrealistic "fairy tale [4]" or something with a "spirit that soars [5]." This polarizing effect arises from the film's methodology: like many politically-conscious artists before them, filmmaker Lee Daniels and author Sapphire have stacked circumstances against a protagonist until it's almost unbearable, then given her a shot of hope. Precious is raped by her father, beat up by her mother, scorned by everyone else. While the story itself hearkens back to The Bluest Eye and The Color Purple, Clarisse "Precious" Jones also recalls a character in a Victorian "social problem" novel. A child herself and pregnant with her second baby by her father, she is both an Oliver Twist and a Tess Durbeyfield, shunned and dismissed as less than human by everyone around her (and perhaps the audience initially), but with an inner light that throws her corrupt, decaying society into relief.
Subtle it isn't, but the story has a mass appeal and an absolute urgency in making viewers interrogate their own assumptions. The question of bodies hangs over the whole film. Everyone around Precious violates her bodily autonomy, from her father to her mother who physically, verbally and sexually torments her, to the school officials repulsed by her pregnancy to boys on the street who ignore, mock or push her. Her very presence is treated as an affront: too large, too dark, too sexual, too hungry.
Precious herself believes this. She longs to be thin and "light-skinned" or white--she suffers deeply from internalized racism and sexism. During her most harrowing moments she has fantasies about being on the red carpet or in music videos, showing the power of pop cultural images to create teenagers' aesthetic values and perhaps cause self-worth to plummet. Precious's dad is almost entirely off-screen, but his shadow looms: Precious's mother Mary, is in thrall to his presence, deeply jealous of her daughter because she has unwillingly captured this monstrous man's attention (and because her daughter's swelling belly symbolizes her own inability to parent). This is her excuse for throwing fists, kicks, taunts and household objects at Precious.
The film's two female-only spaces, the stifling, horror-filled home with Mary, and the limitless school room, are study in contrasts. Precious's mentor, an alternative-education teacher named Blu Rain, is in a loving lesbian relationship. Precious finds her voice among this group of young women like herself, all learning to read together. In Precious's life, the sole male hero is a gentle nurse who doesn't mind being teased about his job. In this way "Precious" doesn't indict men as much as reject the patriarchal values of dominance and competition, in favor of cooperation, communication and nurturing.
"Precious" puts its greatest faith in the transformational ability to express ourselves. Precious, formerly illiterate, recites the ABCs in her darkest moments; her burgeoning ability to put pen to paper is her salvation. In the "real world" this message rings true: literacy in the broader sense is absolutely essential to the formation of a self, the ability to establish boundaries and envision a future. Precious doesn't fully grasp what has been taken away from her until she begins to understand and accept who she is: not only through building her vocabulary but through learning to "read" personal, social, and emotional situations.
The film asks that we never see Precious herself as a symbol. She's a real person with a sharp sense of humor and desires that are hers alone. Still, that personalized story makes a statement. Beneath the scenes of depravity and misery which make the audience gasp or shield its eyes, "Precious" is an affirmation, a reminder that the people we may ignore on the street (or when we pass bills in congress) have unique souls. It's also reminder that government programs, when actually staffed by decent people, can truly help: an alternative school, a halfway house, a counselor end up helping Precious save herself.
"Precious" is a complex, sometimes difficult work of art whose underlying politics matter mostly in service to its heroine's story. I recommend the pieces below for some nuanced analysis of the film's content. For some viewers, the film's broader critiques are overshadowed by the horrifying (and perhaps stereotypical [6]) spectacle of Mary's persona. For others, the casting of lighter-skinned actors in the heroic roles reinforces the colorism [7] the story aims to combat.
But flaws aside, the film's messages are worth pondering at this difficult moment for American women. Restrictions like the Hyde Amendment and Stupak-Pitts don't just divide women into have and have-nots, but also into "good" and "bad." The fact that until this week, the RNC provided abortion coverage to its own members [8] proves again that bills like this are less about saving fetuses and more about punishing certain women and refusing the social safety net to those deemed "undeserving." But "Precious" asks us, all of us, to see deserving and undeserving in a new light.
The film's release in tandem with the Stupak-Pitts disaster strikes back
against the amendment's underlying assumption: the belief that some people are
worth more than others, that some bodies deserve less protection than others,
and that some stories don't need to be told.
Other great commentary on "Precious":
Nina Sankovitch: Why
Precious Matters [9] HuffPo
Why Hasn't Precious Received "The Color
Purple" Treatment? [10] The Root
Slowly but Surely,
"Precious" Finds Success, Criticism [11], Jezebel
Of "Precious,"
Percival and My Pafology, [12]at Racialicious
Long Day's Journey Into
Night: Watching Precious, Reading Push [13]Racialicious